Q: What is Autism?

A: Autism is a complex developmental disability typically appearing during the first three years of life and lasting throughout a person’s lifetime.  While the cause of Autism continues to be uncertain, it is generally thought to result from a neurobiological disorder affecting the normal functioning of the brain, impacting development in the areas of social interaction and communication skills. Both children and adults with autism typically show difficulties in verbal and non-verbal communication, social interactions, and leisure or play activities. However, autism is a spectrum disorder affecting each individual differently and at varying degrees. For example, one child may have limited speech and have difficulty learning how to read and write, while another child can be so high functioning, he is able to attend regular education classes at school.

Q: How widespread is Autism?

A: Autism is the fastest growing serious development disability in our country, affecting 1 in 150 children.  Roughly translated, this means as many as 1.5 million Americans today are believed to have some form of autism. And this number is on the rise.  Three children are diagnosed with Autism every hour, and over the last 10 years, Autism diagnoses have doubled.

According to the U.S. Department of Education and other governmental agencies, Autism is growing at a rate of 10% to 17% annually.  At this rate, more than 4 million American could be affected in the next decade. 

Autism touches families of all races, ethnicities, social standings, incomes, lifestyles and education levels.  This disease can affect any family and any child.  It is however, four times more prevalent in boys than in girls.

Q: What causes Autism?

A: The cause of Autism remains elusive.  We know that genetics play a major role in the etiology of the disease.  The vast majority of Autism cases are thought to be complex genetic disorders whereby one individual has several genes involved in the development of the disorder, much like the genetic influences with many cancers.  Environmental influences and other possible triggers are also currently being studied. Whatever the cause, it is clear that children with autism and PDD are born with the disorder or born with the potential to develop it. It is not caused by bad parenting. Autism is not a mental illness. Children with autism are not unruly kids who choose not to behave. Furthermore, no known psychological factors in the development of the child have been shown to cause autism.

Q: How can I tell if my child could be affected?

A: Recognizing the signs of Autism is important for early diagnosis. Studies have shown that children benefit from early intervention and children as young as the age of 1 can show signs of Autism. While no two Autistic children look alike, there are signs that many Autistic children share that can make early diagnosis possible.

1.Abnormal speech. They may have limited language or repeat words or phrases in place of normal language. This makes it very difficult for them to express their needs and wants in a normal way, often resulting in behavioral problems.
2.They often have limited interest in other people and avoid eye contact. They often do not point at objects or look at objects that others have pointed out to them. They can appear unaware that others are even in the room with them.
3. They have trouble with play in general. They can appear interested in play occurring around them, but do not know how to interact in that play.
4. They often show repetitive behaviors such as hand flapping and uttering the same words or phrases over and over again and can have unusual reactions to smells, sounds, the way things feel to touch and even taste.

If you suspect your child may have Autism, talk to your doctor immediately. They will likely refer you on to a developmental pediatrician or other specialist for a formal evaluation. Early diagnosis is important, so do not wait if you suspect your children has a problem.
 

Q: Could my child grow out of being Autistic?

A: Autism is a lifelong disability with no known cure. Yet, most children do improve, sometimes quite significantly, with intense behavioral programming along with special education.  This course of treatment is best started at the time of diagnosis and should continue throughout their lives.